0. alkali elements Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr endstream endobj 88 0 obj <>stream This report highlights the classification of the engineering materials and their processing techniques. h�27Q0P���wJ,Nu��+��H�)K-�LN�w�K�O��KW07� ��K�MK��&�T�� C0��kg` ��� h�22P0P02T0R02R07U�����wJ,Nu��+��H�)K-�LN�w�K�O��KW01j��K�MK��&�T�� C0��kg�lPTbA�P{RbI1DoT�Kn� ��1B Classification of materials JosepPoch March 07. By K.G.S.Prasad Rao Consultant Metallurgist 16/03/2016 2. Metals and NonMetals Class 10 Notes NCERT CBSE Chapter 3 Chemistry Download pdf. Students and apprentices should become familar with at least a couple of them early on in their training. h�22V0P���w�/�+Q0���L)�62 �ap�Z�o�j������9�5�w Ի���wA`q[x�8�d���LZ�t(�.�5A��՟t��=;�����Q=l/�����X��}����;�O u�#� 77 0 obj In addition to classifying the elements into s block, p block, d block and f block, the elements can be classified in three categories on the basis of their properties as: (1) Metals (2) Non-metals and (3) Metalloids. Metals: Those materials which possess the characteristic of being hard, shiny, malleable, fusible, ductile, etc. Casting can weigh from a few grams to several tons. uuid:57b7e382-a639-4b8c-8c10-0f97b345cdc7 endstream endobj 91 0 obj <>stream Products having very complex shapes, hollow sections, complicated internal cavities and irregularly cur… Workshop classification and labelling of metals | 08 February 2012 13 Mixtures As the affinity of metals to AVS differs, it is possible that above a certain loading metals will compete for the (limited) AVS available. %���� Classification of Materials | Engineering Material Classification- In Material science engineering, the classification of materials is classified into Metals, Non-metals, Ceramics, Composites. h��SMk�@�+�fw]]� 4m9��z �%��A�`�}��&-��9��6��ͼ�X6ʀ� )�g������gt��L/�ɏ�ܱ�#"2s5���"g������3H i� �X��Qd�_< }�P�C0��*a��a3 l�U��m��Z���ֿM�DQ�ݡa8��gD��홿y,�'?PA��k���K��'߯K����/����nؽoO�}�����"���:_Ǻ�^�������k�0����$E:�&��$y٪�^�������P `��ͣ�C��:EAV^L��h�G��o���9� �a�N,&�OB�a0��6_m/�w�um4�4�t�iz\Z��4~�kک;�� ʺ%�:�]�ry�D���\�m����?������~����T\'D��u�[�o��ޫu�ۧ���tX�����?k�v҆�}�l%��«־��{wޓ�]Z��=�c��c�>+t�/�_������>�'�����������}5�,0�}�vB�ڮ��v��}�� �4���2��: 3�\ �: MP�/����_�~��������������b_��z����~��>����&���~N��F�}�t����umU��wJ8���o�����kN���k���Km'V��M�K�����!8TT|~ȣ����Nӵ��^��dX�a�,2 �h5���`�ȯ `�@�P`�|2û{��""""""""""zZ]�c�aCPeld� �u2&S;Q �)�[���;�.?' The ores are very different from the finished metals that we see in buildings and bridges. C���gd]����_�=���L5��W Gj����p�\�S����xWv���LI�;[J�4C���:,�k�`W��P¯�p ��>�-T�`)����b�V�����Rez]-���R;C=NC�Tj���{��o����I�މ����҂�F�a�0N�ޝM'?^��yo�*��� � r endstream endobj 3 0 obj <>/Filter/CCITTFaxDecode/Height 526/ImageMask true/Length 5823/Subtype/Image/Width 1040>>stream Due to […] Based on these earlier schemes, Prior (1920) devel-oped a comprehensive meteorite classification scheme, in- … Metals Atoms in metals and their alloys are arranged in The ferrous metals themselves can also be classified into "families', and these are shown in figure ( 2 ). h(M�����Կ��a��M���Nף�����|��!GIt�u������ؤ�&�u�o�n��NҺZ_���V�kkm��]�kֱ�L�v66D��T4�iA�o�������*m[��� �A��dGA��Bp�w�Q%>��S� �`�C.Z�����DDDG��C��NJ�l8_�_�����[��_�ݤ�$� ��x2�m&�F���[ ^�L[Vm&ҷM����3 ����Pa��N��a$��A�GA'�P�T�s�q�vR�4 �c��(���������C����������O�!�S��]k����հDI�X���!4��sA�,rg4����us���q�9H+9Ns?O��q�!G ���W� 4��4�Za2��4���B/���'_�D��7���4�5A��i�_��Z{�����F;�c�Ew�7R1�C���N�ۯ���׿��� ���� �A�A�A�@� ٙ��‘��%l":����m�����[� '���麧�L �0�A7%��̺aկj��V������WT��ST�>�ªv���D]��G�J�j��!�G����}t����_��{�6>=�)��b?���?�׏���_׻[!%��Q������5�����h2(�ȱh4����BG ��0����_���׫�2��0�DB!�""C��������^�����ɧ����e�~�U����h����������4?���4?�Z��z�����_��������u뻵��_�����m.˥�����u�յ��l%o�8V�S�LlU1_��T��� �� The metal is subjected to stress.It is a process of changing the shape and size of the material under the influence of external force or stress.Plastic Deformation occurs. General classification i. h�2�T0P���wJ,Nu��+��sqt���H�)K-�LN�w�K�O��K���s�+΄��2��K�3����Az]R���2J�-����$"T�&�T�� C0 �46�$�8���"�� � Xk/� A metal which is very good carrier of electricity is called conductor. View 1_Introduction to Biomaterials (1).pdf from BIOLOGY 101 at King Faisal University. 1.2 Non – ferrous metals These materials refer to the remaining metals known to mankind. Metals And Their Properties- Physical and Chemical All the things around us are made of 100 or so elements. A standard place setting includes metal cutlery, a polymer napkin, and a ceramic dish. fk����y��=�7P���A'+���.ܙ����v�tRU�I�7��8���t-�L��-�P���41�P��UQ��х"yQBK��� mK�zC-A9�/����ś�( <> 5) They are the hardest elements which are found on the earth.. classification in 1883 and Brezina’s modification of the Tshermak-Rose classification scheme (see Prior, 1920). Conductors. Pure Iron is of little use as an engineering material because it is too soft and ductile. H��WKo�6��W�(�"Jv"�R��`�lQ=E��q��8I�Ƕ����pfHJ�7-z�k�$�=�7�w}V��]eG����cv���*ck�o����� k������J�u'��f��/ŬΗ���bv�oks�����䟋�"�T̚���`����M�k�#ڳޞ3�8{�ک>+l�?��A�G�j� ~ �6N���&�=�,�, 1. endstream endobj 89 0 obj <>stream Classification of ferrous metals.pdf from ENGINEERIN - at Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima. Basis for usage of Material Normally major metals are in solid states at normal temperature. CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS BASED ON ENERGY BAND THEORY . rPE�-���h���Pi���P91�P��dtw@�w@��Si�I�3��4�p�=�7L��H�� BƒA�j��P� �p��P�*M���] �|���9�"9�-�9��;(s�S����� ��� �WN ��DD b"""��5B����Ep���:����zi6�ڕ�����x���X &�I�+�(���� x}�$��A���4 i��9C�i� .S��9NV80D4�!\��4m) ��0�A0P"�8�C(\0�f�H>�X`���A �!C�)L���A��ti>�H����l�H9��?�A Hence, σ ~ 10-11 – 10-19 S/m ρ ~ 1011 – 1019Ωm 1. Forging iii. �A���xf{V�:��e�NS�rܱ��Hr���ɎC@���!�89�å 0�aؔ�!��Y(q ܐ��u@}��7d,0���8���P�2��A��q�(���D8��ӆq8��fL�����Eقd�M� �&��[h70�@���h6�A0�o�W�7A�L ֶ���}�!�i��4l���n�C@0EAF��P�a���6��8�h3(r� F�/��Ld2�e��A ��)�.�S��@v �tP�Y�dtP�|���9��o���2� �VA��� m�7��IA�80�A��m�% ���G��@>���<1�'ն�9rlL���`D�T�d����$��� �&�H6��C0r�!�r X@��q�9�����a��D4)�$4�o����kM� _�CbÄf�� �۷I;�D.���̃��>��]�&苽HQ��0Bw�-���`�b The castings can produce in sizes varying from a few mm to several meters. For more specific information on metal and heat-treating techniques, refer to TM 43-0106. !�/��3�E��Xy�.w���n�G�N�s���u�Gv�j�΁�v�%[Aj��٦k�(j�8SFQ{Of�_�I'����ĜN�~�m ;a'���K;=��;���rܰ����w-W���ǝs���dԠ��c�4�N�FUǪʢ��������#_�I��;�])Ɉ6��lK}�����"_��I�d��@�V�a>���!� �:�� Iron standard specification and metal characteristics from ASTM and SAE are in the table below: =�a~�xk��a��HL �GA��&a4i��":ݧ�"-�!�a0B��0��0�b""""#�;[KL�"�vKQ�������������6���5��=I.D��漃�yB����A(DA�����"L��2�&c#�A��30�� RFl �40�CM4D4 4�$��T�a0���OZDQ܌z�G|Zu�u��0R~��@�3�A�_#�.d�|��̏�m�������*i��A�=��'�I������u�������*8������������������W������߯����D ����Z\��5�^S���_]���u������f�u�C�������]k��]>�����V���_k�_��ߍ�᥶Ն� �~_�U1�ll{�"��4�t�o��}}�J����d 酰�k�?�UQ`�4!�B!&�hL`�8�DDDDDDG���-���e���a$d&��h7!�����03��uf@��L&P���DDž\}4쏩rc�!�EE�ᤴ���?��mUեa�_J�&w��!I!]i��{_�>"���UHh*YGZ�IB���\dA&D�j΄9����)�3f�@��ȃ!���>�#�. Classification of Metal Working Processes 1. ꭄij�v�J� ��{�:I�B�m�!6��0ga���k��L�n��gCfζ����)`���NC4ȃQ���6�i1"��JĆ�)NC`��(l.� Classification of Engineering Materials METALS & ALLOYS METALS polycrystalline consisting of a great number of fine crystals Possess low strength Do not have the required properties Faceted glass objects are sometimes called crystals ! Semiconductors – These are solids which have resistivity or conductivity val… OD1643 US Army Correspondence Course Program 6 Credit Hours GENERAL The purpose of this subcourse is to introduce the student to the properties of metals, their characteristics, uses and identification codes. They are bendable into different shapes and have many uses in … Non-metals … ��d���2�u The most common contaminants of heavy metal are Cd, Cr, Hg, Pb, Cu, Zn, and As. And is one of the first steps in manufacturing most products. �$���\�Cs^q�߹lO���$�؎�a�]r��GI����5i����y��hn��>����J�'�ŧ;�A���ak�I`�E߹���k��߿���S�Y��L�����b�� ���s4t/�*N�1��Ե��y��YXh��Z�d:m�1�s��[��]3�� �\�`]��RB�(��[憐5I=\��Io��);�ϣ5T�w�&��RJ9p����У[�U �m��)��K ]3�O��3Q���L��!2FF⟱�ޙ9� G4�pA�!#��L3C8`�U���'���>!��zv����w/Dv�KrQD���ވ��H�!�C�;���� �N�N��H'��i���A=>����O���v��������$�z������Џ��h �����B�o��T/������DA����������%� �����s��WO�K��K�������������Z�����k�����"��0��k����v����o� �����p��Qᄞ�������ׯ��a&�u��������ZWk������6����n��� ���g h�L�� The relative values of electrical conductivity (σ) and resistivity (ρ=1/σ) help classify solids as: 1. Classification of Materials. The process of extracting metal ores buried deep underground is called Mining. endobj 2012-11-27T05:51:16Z View Notes - 531100- Chapter 8. <. 531100 Engineering Materials I 2(2-0-4) CHAPTER 2012-11-27T05:50:54Z n�����ZoT�/��lxj%��a4�lb�{! endstream Cast iron is available in six general types: 1. alloyed iron 2. white iron 3. malleable iron 4. compacted graphite iron (CGI) 5. ductile iron 6. gray iron Ironis also alloyed use many types of elements including copper, molybdenum, chromium and nickel. �k/!�����x-c �GܴMܾ@�����x˓t@M�L����㼬�ď8��a�/)��C�~^X��L�6>�8sk~����ͿE��/6�)�������L�{-���g䅔���a0U72�uN ���+��+D�8���U�B8�%�g�d�}�L�ʯ��P��trA �]�)�,�&iۨ$�`�f���`bj&�&n��C=��G�Ie��$9n5철(+�ss�Q���n+ ςHy���K1�rA�\�Q��]8����=���F+�"|í)�SX'P���\ck������.�Mr�� q���ey��L�͋ԍϡ�2�i��ѥ��\-�Z���.�=���OOXǛ�Z�E�^b!� t+J��tĎ�EO��~����D��i��0@�;����\���jm*���s�#ᾓ|�ʠ�0> E�*PCE��J�\�Kg��VuP��_�I(~m�u6��i%�m�L]��#�c�}2�'�%����$SRjԩ�_��$�ʔ:H�L ,f�J)�խ��פ8�\�i�#��n��^����ǒ�`fO���)��0 �ރ�>��"R�Z���- fʇhS;QK4��9���7�a#F)Z��_ʘ�y„4\A��*���tϋ���#�2�{�A��[65a|�@_�u9���L��<0�5��|=�sc�N����*�����j�92v����UU.�]��j��E���e�9�~y�qG��G;o���}�����Ǡ��l[�w�N�o U�� The metal casting processis the oldest and popular method of manufacturing means of designing the desired shapes. Classification of elements as metals and nonmetals. Polymers 1. Metal Classification - Deciphering the Codes Introduction. @��% l�th&�� M�6&�l ��� L>aa��ä�I����A2gZ�A�� ޛAt���@�t��K���u����v�I���K�"4��KXI�T���"JP��$A: classification of metals -MEC 1 1. endstream endobj 92 0 obj <>stream lT� �l��0D�hf6(LA�v`S�A��"�>�Lv'i&������D�z彩F��D���Z�U]S_ �a�������VBc`������Ӹal�� �ɿ�aK@"1�"84!�A��,��28M4�j"$V�A��"��3���D��#�mlT0KLU���(�u�d. The metals and non-metals differ in their properties. risk assessments, voluntary risk assessments, REACH dossiers, high 5.1.1 Döbereiner’s Triads In the year 1817, Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner, a German chemist, tried to … p- Block elements: They belongs to group- 13 to 18. Heavy metal contamination to soil and the environment has been accelerated in modern society due to industrialization, rapidly expanded world population, and intensified agriculture. Metals and alloys Materials. grouping the then known elements as metals and non-metals. The materials are classified based on their conducting property. Nitro Pro 7 (7. CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS AND PERIODICITY IN PROPERTIES OF ELEMENTS Mandeleev’s Periodic Law: ... (Alkali metals) and Group-2 elements (Alkaline earth metals) which respectively have ns1 and ns2 outermost electronic configurations. Ferrous Metals. Physical Properties of Metals: (a) Malleability: It is that property of metals which allows them to be beaten into the thin sheets. Extrusion iv. A large number of metals are available in nature. These elements were classified by Lavoisier in to metals and non-metals by studying their properties. �\~ZK�O�T�{����h4��N�U��!�K%��M��>����azX`��������J]*P�*}i��u�� Fig ( 2 ( Classification of ferrous metals. For the purpose of this article, most current nanomaterials could be organized into four types: • Carbon Based Materials • Metal Based Materials • Dendrimers • Composites There are plenty of free electrons available for electric conduction. geg*��e�� (L{�xG���:�-m�������7U�/�Qݕ[zR�]o Ƽ�ɘ�rؘ|�����u�����שÏ Xa_���`�}�l4��0��0��k�(��w#��+^�c&9uR�=)a�>5jk .Q��5So���y2���y�K�|�8�u���>>��8����>}��Bz��_�{��|��Ei�y��?�˻�=}��7� ��Z(s�Rv�ֱ�5���D�����y,~^DmI0�E�G�8�j����������� ���L�~�8Ww���x�0H���Px�MИ�0� �M�~'[��k�e�L���Mp=�ظ���m��mڬ������v�h�p�֒���˙_��`�� ���?�W� ��� Rolling ii. Main Group Al, Ga, In, Sn, Tl, Pb, Bi, Po. application/pdf They can be classified in a variety of ways depending on what property or characteristic you use as a yardstick. Ceramic materials 3. The extraction of metals from ores is what allows us to use the minerals in the ground! �.��V$��&�5��@T3R� �I%A�U�A��U���$�B�=WI�Z����%��7�V��u�'��M�|_L$���F������CpM+-��w�#�|�#��� �e��.��GE�>JQtq����V�� rC�-��h��vbB�iSe���;xA�F�I �� �4��Ip�j��a�e�,� �a1�!�P ..�6�pAp�gXa!d=�a({a+���� �n����:m����;�h,o@��;-�I��K: Classification of Metals •Ferrous-those based on iron Steels Cast irons •Nonferrous-all other metals Aluminum, magnesium, copper, nickel, titanium, zinc, lead, tin, molybdenum, tungsten, gold, silver, platinum, and others •Superalloys Based on the ability of various materials to conduct current, the materials are classified as conductors, insulators and the semiconductors. Metals – These are solids which have very low resistivity or very high conductivity). 0. Traditionally the three major classes of materials are metals , polymers , and ceramics . c��5�{g\����kq��Y�� General classification 5. ���2U�eu�v���@�`��V����&8a:N! |��u���.F�P�5H�Ч`Y�:�U�t+�lZ��ط�T��5,VxL Classification of metals Metals can be divided into two main groups: ferrous metals are those which contain iron and non-ferrous metals that are those which contain no iron. Most of the metals are solids in nature except for mercury which shows liquid-like motion. h��Xms�6��0���C.���:�(��z�og�ɴ�| IPbC�*I�v~�- I��^���fbYw�,삻��P"a< R'D�ѐƄ 2"\ИȘ�0����( ("d$`DDL� Uh� U$�~��� A�"�3PDF(��� 9�!%���!�(Ɩc�`��1�����[��ci��'?8���.���ϸ��fd���c\gM^�3|�7نaVK���!L����f�(����>���S¹6⥮��z-���4�ĮIlP�0�p��X��8���I,���h��Gh���n�lt~3]�\���BF���l|=:%�/��e8�WG�����ӓ�������|�Z�����U�w��9e�"��r��i���?��xD�O���"r��οO�L�.�����V��|��i�������TU���J�O$k����'ſ��bB$�\ä��e����-{��كU�q>m�:?��Y��0���i�I�Oi� ayJ�\n����݃�����W�f��t��Ã��� v�ݛ�y�/�noo�[�7�X�$p7�Վڿ+�#A��d���B�^�z8���J��q`�_��ݧ@>��a��ټ߯������?�X� ,'�Ӥ�Z�.�2vy�3d�f!MD�31�����v�!�O�Lˢ����[��O��ʘ)ګ%�L��/�+���H��%~��7i��h0���=�t�� �^�׮���m��OF��^��z �����Z_�~�V�?��aau��W�� 1.1 Metals Materials in this group are composed of one or more metallic elements (such as iron, aluminum, copper, titanium, gold, and nickel), and often also nonmetallic elements (for example, carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen) in relatively small amounts. 1. application of external force. Metals are natural compounds of earth’s crust, in which they are generally found in the form of metal ores, associated both with each other and with many other elements. Insulators – These are solids which have very high resistivity or very low conductivity. �(��}�u���)�,I^�ov��E�[�zcUU�ڛ�ix���!K�J�'��ux K��}9܃+�����P�(�)�Q�$~s��gR~��*�cw�:ĸҞa���:\�^*����Q]7��!��[�i��^<9�\-��܎jF`n�i�9.�B���t��KH[�YC�ڦ��l�բ���M����z��բR��YS�O��ЗU��H��U��Y�&I�V}�xBǐ��J�����uM�V���\vez��n��M��R�P�*3Q�UY�a�7=P��[X�����n�y��T�;3p�q�VuC8MK=�L;�U�[�c����(�.8�*c�����r�m��c `��*'�h�7���6��ƫ�� ٪5[p�D�[�|�u�� For the many different metals and alloys sold today, nearly as many classification systems exist to keep all the standards straight within the industry. ALLOYS are produced by melting or sintering two or more metals or metals and a non-metal together. h�D�]�0��r�t��lk$Ad�� �݉.4����'t��{��% l6r7qG>.��5�5wIr�\���{�j�i�kvq�֨Pi�ZD���3�΍��l�v��|� �T�ZȒ�?_b�3��1���`$d婝��cu�cG��� �TY!/=..��S�'Ý| ̉�`$vʪ( endstream endobj 86 0 obj <>stream A endstream endobj 87 0 obj <>stream Woods 2. METAL PROPERTIES, CHARACTERISTICS, USES, AND CODES SUBCOURSE NO. They are also naturally present in the rocks washed by surface water and groundwater and in atmospheric dust. endstream endobj 2 0 obj <>stream )�I0i&-@d�~HeA�~@bzj��@� I? %PDF-1.4 %PDF-1.6 %���� There are different types of metals based on physical and chemical properties. Conductor is materials that easily conducts or pass the current. Extraction of metals. Energy band theory can be used to explain the classification of materials. However, some metals such as mercury are also in liquid state… 2012-11-27T05:51:16Z _�1[�����o�a�GM+؃�[4���F a���U��6-:º�Xu,y ��%�}@��L��g6�~c�f>9N�l)A,�2�,��䈂�� vU�G�4� b����b6' ��]��W�V��3�+k�A�� ���l�-�yYU P+��~ Y?a The pure metals are rarely used as structural materials as they lack mechanical strength. 2.METALS AND THEIR CHEMICAL CLASSIFICATION 2.1 Introduction A thorough understanding of chemical principles is an essential prerequisite for the safe use of metals and thus any proposed system of classification must be referenced to the periodic table of the elements. Metals are further classified into Ferrous Metals, Non-Ferrous Metals. 1 Classification of Biomaterials – Ceramics, Metals, Polymers, Composites 1 “A nonviable material used in mafia �4��I%Z�z_��]i*_}j��^�-}%�x�WZ�����]y���h��dQ�Ԉ�ߑG�%�ZIU�I$�T�M/�i��H}%Z�M%].+MV�ih��}u�c����%Q��?^��u��WX�B�Ф��T+_]$��_Iw�Z�RK�������� T%����Q�+T�%���z���K�$�W!��N��_����~�+���Z�~���\.�/�zJ����c��I%[K�IwZ�ֵ#UIW�֗_��Q��t�H�z\""?�j�]}RT��al��Z�z���GK����^G�֐h�KK.��Z��f�K�]uz�Ҏ"����5� ����W^��C�Y��ִ��TTzJ�iUUu�� zK�S�B�ڏ��I,�8�i-5ZU ҩuӥ�It�Ҫ��ꯤ����b�C��i�b����������+j#WQU�ª��,/a0�A�P�`�j�aS� endstream endobj 90 0 obj <>stream Hence, σ ~ 102 – 108 S/m ρ ~ 10-2 – 10-8Ωm 1. Casting made from any metal that can be melt and can have any configuration the designer desires. The metal ores are found in the earth’s crust in varying abundance. are termed as metal. $h遆@�@(5L&x�4�u`�2������hl[{��~=�`"U���'4�Z^�,f��綦�f���r����%�1a1� Metal classification provides a means of separating ferrous and nonferrous materials. 1. stream h޴�]o�0�����.J4���*k��ZEM���&ȸM�_?S�5���i�>�9'`�� D�GGb�G;2�Љvx��df�(�B��~�� ���e���V���c\���y��!�ŀ^O\��gD��g����U�n^W&F7P��)ReWk�Gd`g�*�U��[!��Z��S4�S$��N5���.� lua@ӻ�2|בֿ�;WD�e�Ex��%�>˰R��\B�T�A��~:}��ȋa�yD�� endstream endobj 85 0 obj <>stream In such case less metal will bind in the presence of a metal with ahigher binding affinity. 5) Elements are classified broadly into two categories on the basis of properties: Metals… METAL CLASSIFICATION All metals may be classified as ferrous or nonferrous. �2&��•�E�t]���E�#�|���>v@9!ށ��mp����������[��r3� �z�aRv�AEu��bq���۶�z�=+��i=&�D�i7��I��;�o���?�{i7\0`��z��6��;i?��~"���� Nitro Pro 7 (7. Basic Classification of Engineering Materials Basically Engineering Materials Can be classified into two categories- MetalsNon-Metals Metals Metals are polycrystalline bodies which are having number of differentially oriented fine crystals. 1. HEAT TREATMENT OF METALS GENERAL PURPOSE This chapter contains basic information pertaining to properties and identification of metal and heat-treating procedures used for metals. 84 0 obj <>stream Few examples of metals are iron, gold, silver, aluminium, copper, etc. �P�Hh�!�B�X�Q�91Ɏq�0��&ۣ ���@�"""C_jl4�/S"�"���(��il:m�@�n9Z2:�ᜂ� xe조�����5�Ls�,���<2��!������5��T" NR D.�A}��� ���|R�#��.�!7Q�N�}H� &�A�z[Z4�� PoV�HPgs���"��������a ��7j���lIu2Ĥ4�Hi�R��t���$Q�&@Ő.�.��>����'V�A�bBS��aNP�$8�pA�h��BbBTi0i��x7D"����̖����<2���:s%@<2� �� xhA�,r�UN�0�d " c�r(� �!�2�c]&�p�S)�D6rP� `r��9�C0�&���>�H8�o���� A�vmv�M�Cf�!�u1�>�6���+j�&ɐ�VA����{z`�@�����&� ���7qV�JC�A6\��>��80Z=4�j�ch!���H9[�R �6�L��)(�a� sA"��&��i$e���!�XP� �8)� ��$]�� A��&!A�r���$!��!�A�V�6�H�D1LAa;���#% �* �r��z[� a## 7#� (SDjED���i��La0���T�0T� �0�_%��p�"v�B�R��Vt��4��� ���iEt9�������Prs�'�(o��[�=Đq[���\d-�+p�\C�ߗBs�����4��; ̈��x,y�4����ԼChꜥ��D=�W���s�3Rc W|��T�9e����5\]^�l4(��!I� �DS ��O$*׆�4��! The first classification of meteorites based on chemical compo-sition was by Farrington (1907), who chemically analyzed irons. p߷�h�Bu٪�ű��s�Zs$��\U��a��K8��c���68�Ⱥ��KY��h3��)���x�'s2�9�ʌ�9���.�����_��Z�U՗��.���8��z3P�����:��M����ܪ�;PNW�n5�UnZ�BY��픵S�e��*�L�dʁL���C��k�x�ě�x��j����0+��r����j�q�:{�����I���K�4�'�4¥0_�$f�Ϳ���, g'��W�+���b��O� ��L��G�'Cy�T��T��H�f×�yy�0�%�W�|�#0 ~�iW(#C���c ��x�������"���l/y��"Ĝ*(�Q��(K)UO� ��Iǃ��Qh�~?0t�5�ex�K��;�7xo*�T����\jOf2�Le�3�E�"S%[�^L��5�W�^>�W� /�ѷ��`�=�R7u�+<4f!K��R�ȋēJ"�YxE*��3�%I�� �y,M��Ԕ�� '�~M��E\�"��w0�C�E��2M4�*�Ɨ#��"�$+D��� x�rdDh]��s��--��_`9 8| �o/r�� 'C�3�t&c�)����S!��*MyQ!UP8��$�#!��`u$|fhN �� ��� �� ��!�f.��PzpN������N�A� �`F�/0z#�m������0�k �_X| �G/9�yP�=����P9\�Ι�,�f��"f����S��^ Heavy metals are elements with metallic properties and an atomic mass of > 20. Composites 4. �V��[��T¦�i���aER�DDDDDDB&. 78 0 obj CLASSIFICATION OF MATERIALS. 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